Improvement in pipe and nut wrenches



D FISHER Pipe and Nut Wrench.

Patented Mar. 4,1879.

aifil UNITED STATES; PATENT OEEIGE.

DANIEL FISHER, OF OIL CITY, PENNSYLVANIA.

IMPROVEMENT IN PIPE AND NUT WRENCHES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 212,795, dated March 4,1879; application filed January 10, 1879.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, DANIEL FIsHER, of Oil City, in the county of Venangoand State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement inPipe and Nut Wrenches, of which the following is a specification:

The subject of my invention is an adjustable pipe and nut wrench havingtwo rigid jaws, one of which has afiat surface on the inside with aprojection on the end. Ithas also inserted in it a movable bit, soplaced as to operate against the back of the pipe or nut. The said bitis constructed with two square faces, so as to afford eightworking-edges; and is secured to the jaw by a bolt passing through acentral aperture. The fiat surface also forms a recess in front of thebit, into which the pipe is pressed by a movable block and screw fixedin the lower jaw, and it also forms a stop after the bit has taken itsproper hold, thereby preventing the crushing or denting of the pipe,which frequently occurs with other tongs and wrenches when apipe is hardto unscrew. The recess also allows the bit to pelrleadily passed overthe pipe to take proper In order that my invention may be fullyunderstood, I will proceed to describe it with reference to theaccompanying drawings, in which' Figure 1 is a side elevation of the jawportion of my improved wrench, illustrating its application to a pipe,and showing, also, in dotted outline, the position occupied by a nut oflarge size while held and turned by the wrench. Fi g. 2 is alongitudinal section, showing the adjustable block set up to receive anut of smaller size.

A represents a part of the body of the wrench, the handle thereof, whichmay be of any desired length, being omitted. I5 is the upper, and O thelower, jaw. D is areversible bit resting against a shoulder, H, in thejaw B, and secured in position by a bolt, E, and nut F, as described inmy Patent No. 203,822, dated May 21, 1878. G is a concave-faced blockfitted to slide within a recess, J, in the jaw O, and adjusted by meansof a screw, I, to suit the size of pipe or nut to be operated on. K is apin fixed in the sides of the recess J in the jaw (J, and passingthrough a recess,

70, prepared for it in the sliding block G, so as to permit theadjustment of said block while preventing its escape. P represents asection of pipe in position, and N a nut.

My improved wrench operates from the back of the pipe or nut instead ofthe front, as in. the case of most wrenches and tongs. When it isapplied the bit is passed around and over or under the pipe or nut tothe back side, and rests on or against the pipe or nut, and the slidingblock is then forced against the opposite side of the pipe or nut by thescrew forcing it against the bit, which is prevented from taking toomuch hold by the recess in the upper jaw, and the shape of the slidingblock thereby preventing the crushing of the pipe, so common in otherpipe wrenches and tongs.

It will be further seen that the action is such as to cause the bit topress square across the pipe on raising or lowering the handle to take anew hold. The bit is freed from the pipe, preventingthe dulling effectso common by dragging the sharp edge against the pipe on the backwardstroke of the ton gs or wrenches.

It will be further seen that when the slide is pushed or forced againstthe pipe or nut the wrench is firm, admitting of giving it a quick throwand screwing the pipe several turns, and the motion continued until thepipe is firmly screwed together, making any backward movement of thewrench unnecessary where there is room enough to turn the handle.

In using it for nuts it is reduced to fit same as for pipe, making itespecially useful where nuts have been worn round or so worn as toprevent a common wrench from holding.

It is also applicable with equal effect to nuts of octagon, hexagon, orirregular shape.

The bit is of steel, and made of different sizes to suit the wrenchesfor different sizes of pipe or nuts. Its eight cutting-edges may be usedin succession, and when dull the bit is placed the flat side on thegrindstone or other sharpening-instrument. It is then as good as whenfirst used, as the sliding block can be shoved in until the bit is wornout.

I am aware that wrenches with sliding jaws or bits are common, and alsothat wrenches have been made with reversible square bits. I therefore donot claim novelty in either of these features broadly or in itself.

An important advantage results, however, from my mode of combiningwithin a rigid stock a sliding jaw with a concave face and a reversiblesquare-edged bit, each held in position by an appropriate screw or bolt.

My wrench is thus adapted to operate with unfailing effect on either asquare or other nut or a round pipe, and in either case will take a newhold with as great convenience and ease to the operator as a wrench madespecially for either use alone.

Having thus described my invention, the following is what I claim as newtherein and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

1). FISHER.

Witnesses JOHN J. B. PINK, 0. FOLEY.

